President Abraham Lincoln Defined Democracy Essay

Years ago US president Abraham Lincoln defined democracy as an institution that is â€Å"for the people, of the people and by the people.† Nehru built on it by stating that for him this meant that â€Å"people participate in the foundations of the government and help in the functioning of democracy...† (Nehru, in Awasthy and Aurora, 2007: 409) Being one of the oldest forms of government, it is a system through which rules can be made accountable to the people. (Gowda, 2016: 17) A Representative democracy is a type of democracy wherein elected leaders represent the masses. Unfortunately, many times there are situations where people may feel that their demands have not been represented adequately or they have been neglected, and so they tend to form groups to make their voices heard and represented. These are known as interest or pressure groups. While the two have slightly different meanings, in Indian politics they are used interchangeably. Pressure group may be defined as any group attempting to bring about political change, whether through government activity or not, and which is not a political party in the sense of being represented, at that particular time, in the legislative body.† (Castles in Chakraborty, 1869: 1) A pressure group is defined by its techniques and an interest group by its objectives but whenever an interest group adopts the technique of pressure for the fulfilment of its objectives then it converts into pressure groups. (Kalsi, 2015: 14) The objective of theShow MoreRelatedThe Most Important Achievement Of The United States Essay1626 Words   |  7 Pagesfew United States Presidents can be truly called extraordinary. It is not only remarkable historical achievements during their tenure in office, but their relevancy to the United States throughout the ages that makes them truly great. It is incredible leadership and vision which indelibly shape a nation that establishes an extraordinary President. Abraham Lincoln is such a President. Lincoln reached into the hearts and minds of the citizens of the United States as no other President in our historyRead MoreLincoln Movie Leadership Analysis1380 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication 4008 8 December 2015 Lincoln Essay The year is 1865 and the Civil War death toll has risen just over six-hundred-thousand men. The freedoms sought out by our nation’s founders, now jeopardized by the secession of eleven states from the Union. The fate of The United States of America now laid upon the broad shoulders of our nations sixteenth commander-in-chief, President Abraham Lincoln. In a term marked by the burden of complete social upheaval, Abraham Lincoln was our nation’s foremost leaderRead MoreEssay on Abraham Lincoln: America’s First Commander-in-Chief1890 Words   |  8 PagesAbraham Lincoln is best remembered as being America’s first war president. In the nineteenth century, the American presidency had seen nothing like the Civil War, and war was upon Lincoln before he or anyone else considered how the position of Commander-in-Chief fit into the Constitution. This resulted in an unorganized thought process and policy. Brian Dirck, author of the article â€Å"Lincoln as Command er in Chief,† writes: He did not have the luxury of creating intellectually cohesive, internallyRead MoreThe Legacy Of Abraham Lincoln850 Words   |  4 PagesTitle Abraham Lincoln accomplished many things in his lifetime. Born in Hodgenville, Kentucky, Lincoln grew up on the western outskirts of Kentucky and Indiana. All throughout his childhood, Lincoln strained to learn and make a living as well. He never had any kind of formal education. Extensively self-educated, he became a lawyer in Illinois, a member of the Illinois House of Representatives, and a Whig Party leader. He was an exemplary politician, and was always looked upon for leadership becauseRead MoreIndian Democracy1376 Words   |  6 PagesAbraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States of America, aptly defined democracy as a government of the people, by the people and for the people. Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States of America, aptly defined democracy as a government of the people, by the people and for the people. This definition clearly underlines the basic tenet that, in this- form of government, people are supreme. The ultimate power is in their hands and they exercise it in the form of electingRead MorePresident Bush’s Second Inaugural Address Essays1127 Words   |  5 PagesPresident Bush’s Second Inaugural Address Since President Abraham Lincoln’s famous second inaugural address nearly 150 years ago it has been a long standing tradition for the President’s inaugural address to present a somewhat ambiguous claim for world transformation and diplomacy. President George W. Bush’s second inaugural address is no different. It set forth President Bush’s ambitious vision of the United States’ role in advancing of freedom, liberty, and democracy worldwide â€Å"with the ultimateRead MoreThe Assassination Of The War And Formation Of Civil Rights1550 Words   |  7 Pages Political Assassination Danielle Ferreira U.S Government Date Introduction Political assassination is defined as the act of killing a political figure mainly for political reasons. In most cases, the motive behind political assassinations is beyond the person who is killed. 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Democracy were originated at Athens, Greece. But as a superpower country that got the independence from a long time, America’s politics and system has been a role model for other country that want to use democracy as a political system in their place. In the world of politics, not only president and vice president have the role in the constitution, many parties and people were included in the complicated AmericanRead MoreThe Impact Of Abraham Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation1093 Words   |  5 PagesPresident Abraham Lincoln, sometimes called â€Å"The Great Emancipator†, is best remembered today for his Emancipation Proclamation. This proclamation, issued in September 1862 and enacted at the start of 1863, freed all slaves in rebe lling states in the Confederacy and had a dramatic impact on the outcome of the Civil War. However, even though Lincoln was morally against the concept of slavery, he had previously stated that he had no intention of abolishing it. Why did he explicitly violate his own

George Washington, The Great American Leader - 1544 Words

Souleymane Cissokho D’Abbene, p.3 American History 8 18 December 2015 George Washington, the Great American Leader George Washington did many things in his lifetime as a military leader in the Revolutionary War . He sailed across the Delaware River to surprise British officers on Christmas night and captured hundreds of Hessians and tens of British officers. He made this one of the biggest turning points of the war. Washington also lead troops through Valley Forge in the harsh winter of 1777-1778. He kept the troops together through his leadership. And finally, he lead the colonies to victory at Yorktown. This ended the war and made the thirteen colonies into the United States of America. George Washington was the most influential figure during the American Revolution era because he crossed the Delaware river on Christmas 1776, lead troops at Valley Forge in the winter of 1777-1778, and lead the colonies to victory at Yorktown. One of the many reasons why George Washington is a great leader is that he crossed the Delaware River on Christmas day 1776 an d after. George Washington was very committed to his army. But at first it looked very irrational to transport 2,400 continental soldiers across an icy cold river through a heavy storm. But Washington’s action was â€Å"based on strategic motivation†(Lass). Washington sawShow MoreRelatedGeorge Washington : The American Of American National History Essay1288 Words   |  6 PagesGeorge Washington stands at the origins of American national history. Many Americans call him â€Å"the father of our country†. Washington commanded the Continental Army in the Revolutionary War. He led the American colonists to freedom from British rule. He headed the convention that created the U.S. Constitution, as president of the republic Washington has created a basis for a federal government in which the Americans were able to find their national agreement. 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Bad things Free Essays

With a increasingly sexualities society (Mulligan, 1994; Kumar, 2013) and the influence the media has over young people (Slough, 1995), it mess pertinent to ask the question why as a nation, are we not more clued up in preventing rather than recovering from such tragedies? A noted aim of Sex and Relationship Education (SERE) is to teach about awareness, knowledge and correct actions related to sexual abuse (Lobber et al, 2010) to ensure the learner has the best chance of societal integration and healthy sex life (Lobber et al, 2010). Herein lies the concern, differing societies engage differently, leading SERE to assume many guises (Lobber et al, 2010; Fontanne et al, 2012). The dichotomy for policy makers and Laotians concerned is that relevant and appropriate content has to be offset against the fear of public outcry (Consoled, 2012; Chou, 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Bad things or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sex and the surrounding paraphernalia is still seen by some, especially parents or those involved in the education of children, as taboo (Former, 2011). It is a subject that evokes an unusually deep emotional response in a wide demographic of people (Vassar, 2011), perhaps because sex and relationships are something we all feel a connection to. Perhaps then surrounding such controversy it is little surprise that there is elegance to update national policy (Evans and Trip, 2006; Confined, 2012), indeed there has been no major update to any government guidelines concerning SERE in 13 years (Evans and Trip, 2006; Holly, 2012; Sex Education Forum, 2013). Invariably this has led to schools and educators hesitant to deliver any form of SERE (Former, 2011) explaining the comment of the Sex Education Forum’s claiming a one in three reply of ‘poor’ or Very poor’ amongst respondents concerning their experience of SERE (Sex Education Forum, 2013, p. 4). Initially this echoes the contention we know surrounds SERE, however the Sex Education Forum is an independent body, even advising government policy, adding validity to such statements. The previous two and the current government have come under criticism (Evans and Trip, 2006; Former, 2011; Holly, 2012, Sex Education Forum, 2013) about failing to enact meaningful change in support of schools in this clearly vital area of education (Lobber et al, 2010; Fontanne et al, 2012). There is an assumption that governments would wish to enact decisive and lasting policy change after weighty social change is promised, yet Evans and Trip (2006) have suggested that more radical policy is necessary than has been thus implemented. Such policies may even go as far as introducing pornography within the classroom (Holly, 2012). Marled (2012) suggests the current Coalition Government has already hastened and strengthened reforms and guidelines in the wake of recent abuse tragedies such as those in Recordable and Exosphere (Marled, 2012; BBC News, 2013; Burke, 2013). One must be wary to believe such rhetoric in light of these circumstances, as it is common practice for such vague press releases to appear, simply to soothe public fear and discontent. This may be cynicism on the writer’s part though and the current Coalition does intend to release a new curriculum for schools in 2014 (Great Britain, Department for Education, 2013). It was hoped by pupils in particular that SERE would feature strongly within the revision (Former, 2011) yet it seems that the trend of ambivalence towards SERE continues. Even with an extended consultation period on the curriculum, both pupils (Former, 2011) and advisory councils (Sex Education Forum, 2013) feel that their views or recommendations have been ignored. The position of SERE within the curriculum was meeting all parties wanted to see reinforced with the Sex Education Forum calling for SERE in the form of Personal, Social and Health Education (SHE) or better, standalone to be made statutory (2013, p. ). The proposal curriculum (Great Britain, Department for Education, 2013; Sex Education Forum, 2013) will not however, be making this so. This course of action is analyses by Even and Trip (2006) as predictable, claiming that despite valid and objective support, orthodoxy persists in education. Perhaps disappointing as if there can be a shift in orthodoxy regarding SERE, pro found social and demographic benefits may be seen. Sweden has had a strong form of SERE embedded in practice for over fifty years (Lobber et al, 2010) and enjoys a high standard of social stability and new from the current Coalition Government (Analysis: Cameraman’s Swede Dreams, 2012). It is dangerous to make broad sweeping statements from limited sources, especially of those with a distinctive demographic difference to the I-J. It is usually agreed though that SERE should learn from those with best practice globally (Livingston and Haddam, 2009; Chou, 2012), perhaps lessons may also be learnt from the Finnish model. Having had tooth statutory and non-statutory shapes of SERE, Lobber et al (2010) surmises that it is the statutory model that returns the cohesion and essential improvements to sexual health political leaders crave (Evans and Trip, 2006). Instead of taking the opportunity to make SERE statutory content, this Coalition Government has drafted a proposal that has elements of SERE embedded within the new science curriculum (Great Britain, Department for Education, 2013). Science by nature is objective and if for this reason SERE was amalgamated then it is commendable, combating bigotry and misunderstanding (Chou, 2012). As Lombardi (2012) helpfully reminds us, humans the world over reproduce in the same way and so taking a scientific approach follows. These laudable reasons for merging SERE within a broader science curriculum appear not to be the motive though. Nearly twenty years ago Slough (1995) instructs how children should be aware of basic reproduction biology and yet this is not stipulated for today’s learners. It would appear SERE is once more regressing to a state of UN-objective and UN-founded content (Hess, 2010; Former, 2011; Lombardi, 2012; Sex Education Forum, 2013). It is difficult to tell if this slide is uh to bad advice or simply to be purposefully uncontroversial (Vassar, 2011; Confined, 2012). It is unlikely that poor advice is the primary reason as there were both lengthy consultation periods on the draft curriculum (Great Britain, Department for Education, 2013) and extensive data from numerous reputable studies (Evans and Trip, 2006; Livingston and Haddam, 2009; Lobber et al, 2010; BC Council for Families, 2011; Former, 2011; Channel 4, 2013; Sex Education Forum, 2013). These aversions to objective SERE is unhelpful to learners who are understandably worried about hangers happening during puberty (Former, 2011; Sex Education Forum, 2013) and have a right to know (Mulligan, 1994). These learner responses are supported by More (2012) who asserts learners are inquisitive for biological reasons. Questioners do not simply stop questioning Just because they are ignored (Lobber et al, 2010). Instead they seek answers from other sources (Slough, 1995; Holly, 2012) with Hess (2010) commenting that these sources should be UN-ambivalent as possible to reduce over simplicity. It is crucial that correct answers are given as The Framework for Sexual Health (Great Britain, Department of Health, 2013, p. 2) states that an average of ten sexual partners is common in men today. The theory is that if quality SERE sessions are in place, with appropriate answers available, then wider social and sexual health risks can be avoided (Mulligan, 1994; Holly, 2012; Sex Education Forum, 2013) and some, such as the curtailing of the uneasy truth that the I-J has the highest rate of unwanted teenage pregnancy in Europe. This alarming fugue only worsens when realizing that the I-J is second only to the United States of America in terms of developed nations (Evans and Trip, 2006). This should be qualified however tit the Framework for Sexual Health (Great Britain, Department of Health, 2013, p. 2) and other parties (Holly, 2012; Sex Education Forum) quick to point out that these pregnancy levels are at a multi-generational low here. Ignorance is another principal reason for high quality SERE to be delivered in schools. A Sex Education survey of over 2000 young people, one of the largest of its kind in this country, found that seventy four of sexually active fourteen to seventeen year olds had sexual experiences under the age of consent and that twenty percent of these had these experiences under the GE of thirteen (Channel 4, 2013) It is easy to let emotion override at this point and this is a danger faced at policy level too (Combo, 2012; Holly, 2012). Instead compare these fugues with the six percent from the survey (Channel 4, 2013) who said they would wait until marriage before engaging in sexual experiences. On a personal note, regarding ignorance, the author was surprised to see that ‘Setting (Combo, 2012, p. 28) carried a custodial sentence of up to four years (Crown Prosecution Service, 2012) for the creation and distribution of such images. This is because often those reading are underage and although (hopefully) unaware of it, they are distributing ‘Indecent Images of Children’ (Crown Prosecution Service, 2012; Holly, 2012). Evans and Trip (2006) warn that once experimenting in sexual experiences under the age of sixteen (consensual age in the I-J) becomes the norm, it is far harder to prevent unwanted sexual health related issues. This a common counter to allowing overt SERE within education today, as parents, educators and wider societies believe exposure to SERE automatically correlates to a rise in sexual experimentation (Mulligan, 1994; Fontanne et al, 2012; Chou, 2012). The results from the Sex Education survey (Channel 4, 2013) counter this however, showing that the mean age for first consensual experiences is seventeen in both male and females. Certainly, wider evidence from across Northern Europe, a good comparison to make with the UK due to similar socio- economic patterns, show that the greater the liberality with engaging children in SERE, the lower the risks (Evans and Trip, 2006; Lobber et al, 2010). There is a third dimension to the debate of SERE, that of abstinence. Abstainers argue that it is the only scientific method that is proven to completely eliminate all forms of sexual health risks (Hess, 2010) such as those outlined by Fontanne et al (2012). Lombardi (2012) argues that this is in fact counter productive as it provides a dichotomy to learners to choose either protection or abstinence, leading to a drop in quality of SERE. The abstinence method does carry weight and is enjoying increasing support globally (Confined, 2012), in terms of the benefits of sex in good relationships. Alongside having the worst sexual health in teenagers in Europe, the I-J also boasts a higher bevel of marital breakdown and single parent families than found on the continental mainland (Evans and Trip, 2006). It is argued that by teaching sex as something to be enjoyed once firm commitments have been made to one another, the bond between couples is stronger thereby reducing breakdowns (Hess, 2010; Bloom, 2012). It is also worth noting that Hess (2010) and Bloom (2012) acknowledge the abstinence approach has much ground to cover in terms of accessibility to those who do not see or desire a loving marriage as standard (Evans and Trip, 2006; Comb’, 2012). Lobber t al (2010) and Milkshakes (2011) both produce a damming testimony of the abstinence approach. This is not surprising as SERE as a topic does carry strong emotions (Former, 2011). By providing historical contexts and citations in both counters it does however help to remove the personal emotive element often seen in this area of discussion. Such emotions are very apparent in both Hess’ (2010) article and the demonstrations reported by Vassar (2011). A final thought for the abstinence methodology is that of the inclusion of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LIGHT) learners. The Sex Education Forum (2013, p. Rightfully highlight that these people are equal in need to heterosexual learners and the dangers an evasive traditional hetero marriage’ approach to sex and reproduction may have on their education and sexual health. By looking to educational theory, we may hope to provide a consensus for SERE. Evans and Trip (2006) note the link to quality SERE with social learning theories. The Social Cognitive Theory (ACTS) established by Bandeau (1986) is a respected and time-tested model to use. Linked to the findings of the Sex Education survey (Channel 4, 2013) and the findings of other noted projects Livingston and Haddam, 2009; Former, 2011; Sex Education Forum, 2013), the ACTS model requires an understanding of current trends of the behavior of society in conjunction with the goal that society is hoping to achieve. The abstinence approach would argue that to achieve the goal of a society having minimal unwanted teenage pregnancies and a majority of stable relationships, it is the attitude of young people that needs to change. This is not the simple fix that may have been hoped for though. The Framework for Sexual Health (Great Britain, Department of Health, 2013, p. 9) tresses that currently around eighty five thousand females are the victims of rape or assault by penetration annually. It is very difficult for even die-hard abstainers to argue that if these victims had different attitudes, they wouldn’t have been assaulted. Indeed, the attitudes of young people and parents are reflected in Livingston and Hadrons report (2009, p. 6) showing that twenty percent were worried about viewing inappropriate sexual content. Using the ACTS, it would seem then that it would be beneficial to more learners if quality and objective SERE sessions were available. This old allow the continuing motivation of society to reduce the spiraling sexual health issues (Evans and Trip, 2006; Great Britain, Department of Health, 2013) whilst simultaneously progressing education appropriate to the young people. It is clear tha t young people want answers (Former, 2011; Sex Education Forum, 2013). By providing them through quality SERE, it reduces the risk of obtaining spurious answers such as questions regarding genital size and shape (Channel 4, 2013) from dubious sources such as pornography. The same survey (Channel 4, 2013) found that more than a third questioned rely on pornography for their information. For the educators then, it is clear that emotion and embarrassment needs to be laid aside once more in favor of providing better sources (Barker, 2012; Comb’, 2012). It is pertinent then to question who takes on the role of the educator, parents or the school. With the draft curriculum (Great Britain, Department for Education, 2013) it is obvious that some responsibility does lie with schools. Fontanne et al (2012) would support this decision, finding that with experienced educators schools provide ideal environments for SERE as they can reach the majority of children instantly. Former (2011, p. 166) does end a counter, suggesting that from his research, sixty seven percent of SERE sessions are not taught by classroom teachers. Fontanne et al (2012) retorts with the idea that this is not a bad thing as often teachers resort to passive learning in SERE and not memorable experiences, provided by external sources, something which Former (2011) agrees is more effective. Chou (2012) comments that teachers should not be expected to deliver high quality SERE as it could involve topics of anatomy and physiology knowledge beyond that of most teachers, yet it is arguable that most parents would fall under this category also. Chou (2012) counters himself too, commenting that in Chinese society, sex is not a topic of conversation traversed by most parents, leaving the question of responsibility unanswered. A common reason for teachers reluctance is being stigmatize as Holly, a leading expert in SERE, found herself (Robbins, 2011) or finding themselves in compromising situations (Knows, 2012; Vaughan, 2012). In actuality the most common reasons cited for hesitance or refraining from delivering high quality SERE is actually identical between parents and teachers (Livingston and Haddam, 2009; Hess, 2010; Former, 2011; Chou, 2012). Lobber et al (2010) does offer consolation to this conundrum, stating that with training, teachers’ attitudes reversed dramatically. It is vital that this happens as it necessary that some sort of service is available outside of the home (Livingston and Haddam, 2009; BC council for Families, 2011; Barker, 2012; Children, 2012). As with many quality strategies in education, it has been proved that the most successful SERE occurs when schools and parents cooperate fully (Baldwin and Abrasions, 1990; Evans and Trip, 2006; Barker, 2012; Fontanne et al, 2012; Marled, 2012). With the continuation of findings as outlined in the Framework for Sexual Health (Great Britain, Department of Health; 2013) and truly shocking reports across the UK (summers, 2007; Marled, 2012; BBC News, 2013;) and beyond (Burke, 2013), it must be seen as vital from schools, parents and politicians that the issue of SERE needs addressing. From these brief research findings it is clear that no universal solution has yet been tailored to fit all needs. How to cite Bad things, Papers

Nursing Teaching Plan Get Complete Solution @Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write a teaching plan,about colostomy care and education. Answer: The study is based on a case study of a 16-year-old girl who had an accident and suffered abdominal injuries. An emergency surgery left her with a temporary colostomy and doctors warned that she may end up with a permanent colostomy. She had other injuries too and suffered from frustration due to her condition. Although her family is by her side, still she does not want to look at her colostomy and is worried about her studies. She is estimated to have the colostomy for several years before reversal. The purpose of this study is to teach Sandra and family about how to care for colostomy. Diagnosis or planning From the data about the medical report of Sandra, the immediate need is to give her information about how to care for her colostomy herself, providing knowledge about the dietary requirement and offering emotional and psychological support to such patients. The goal-directed diagnosis includes- Adjusting patient to changes and managing colostomy. Minimizing complications Teaching self-care to handle situations Giving information about the procedure of ostomy appliance change, therapeutic regimen and informing family members about the importance of providing emotional support (Stelton et al., 2015). Implementation A colostomy is a surgical procedure by which an opening is created in the abdominal walls to take out one end of the intestine. There are many risks for a patient like bleeding inside abdomen, development of a hernia, infection in the lungs, skin irritation, wound breaking, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to teach Sandra and her family how to take care of the condition. The following are the guidelines for self-care of ostomy: Teachings principle of ostomy care: The appliances need to be changed regularly. Skin cleansing needs to be done, and stoma or opening should be inspected properly. It maintains skin integrity around the stoma. The pouch needs to be emptied before it is one-third full. Deodorants should be used to prevent odor from the stoma. In a case of complications, enterostomy therapy nurse should be immediately contacted. Their service is required both before and after surgery. Before surgery, the nurse helps patient with the placement of stoma, assists patients to determine the best place for stoma so that clothing does not disturb stoma output. After surgery, the nurse teaches patients and family member how to change ostomy appliance. It requires time and practice. So they assist in appliance change for first few times and then teach patients how to do it themselves. They can give advice on leaking and teaching techniques in case of any problem (Okamura et al., 2013). Patients can be given information about health services available for ostomy to assist patients in the initial phase after surgery. The biophysical element of disturbed body image includes the presence of stoma and loss of control over bowel movement. The psychosocial element includes altered body structure. In such case support should be given, and patients should be encouraged to verbalize feelings about colostomy. It will help patients to deal with the condition (Doenges et al., 2014). Teaching dietary requirement and fluid intake: The patient should take well-balanced diet and vitamin supplements to meet the deficiency in nutrients. They should be taught avoid foods that reduce gas and constipation. This is crucial for patients with the colostomy. They should be encouraged to take a significant amount of fluid to prevent dehydration (Gulanick Myers, 2013). Giving resource for emotional and psychological support: Close family member of a patient should be encouraged to give emotional support and motivation for recovery. They can be recommended to take help of counseling sessions in case of extreme depression due to disease. They should be informed about support groups to for peer support and knowledge about colostomy. The patient should be encouraged to interact with patients with the ostomy. Such person can be a good support and role model for patients. The patient should be explained the reason for surgery. It will help the client to deal with the ostomy to prevent long-term ostomy if it is temporary (Endall et al., 2014). Evaluation Evaluation of above implementation plan can be assessed by patients and family members motivation to learn. It is monitored whether patients perception and attitude towards the colostomy has changed or not after implementation plan. The measurement of self-care can be checked by assessing whether the patient can use stoma appliance herself or not. After the emotional support by way of counseling and family support, patients mental frame of mind can be assessed by taking feedbacks from the about the treatment process. In the end, an overall report can be documented orally or in written form explaining the benefits of diagnosis and implementation plan on patients (Danielsen et al., 2013). Reference Danielsen, A. K., Burcharth, J., Rosenberg, J. (2013). Patient education has a positive effect in patients with a stoma: a systematic review.Colorectal Disease,15(6), e276-e283. Doenges, M. E., Moorhouse, M. F., Murr, A. C. (2014).Nursing care plans: Guidelines for individualizing client care across the life span. FA Davis. Endall, G., Willis, H., Ugboma, D., Sampson, A., Bostock, K., Lewis, R. (2014). An integrated care pathway for peritoneal dialysis catheter insertion and post insertion management.BMC Public Health. Gulanick, M., Myers, J. L. (2013).Nursing care plans: nursing diagnosis and intervention. Elsevier Health Sciences. Okamura, K., Nojiri, Y., Tanaka, Y., Nagae, H., Arai, Y., Matsuda, T., ... Hasegawa, T. (2013). Changes in perioperative management of radical prostatectomy using clinical pathways according to a standardized care plan: A multi institutional study.International Journal of Urology,20(3), 337-343. Stelton, S., Zulkowski, K., Ayello, E. A. (2015). Practice Implications for Peristomal Skin Assessment and Care from the 2014 World Council of Enterostomal Therapists International Ostomy Guideline.Advances in skin wound care,28(6), 275-284.